Dr. RAJ KUMAR

Sr. Principal Scientist, Optics & Photonics Instrumentation

Holography, Interferometry, Optical Instrumentation, Schlieren techniques

Current Work Area

Qualification

R&D Interest

Research Publications

1. KOMAL SHARMA, MOHANTA GIRISH CHANDRA, KUMAR RAJ. Holographically sensing of volatile organic compounds using cellulose acetate-based photopolymer film. Scientific Reports. 29-10-2025, 15, 37757
2. KUMAR RAJ, KAUR RAJVEER, PARK JAE-HYEUNG. Double Maxwellian foveated display. Journal of Information Display. 09-10-2025, ,
3. KUMAR MANOJ, PENSIA LAVLESH, KAUR KARMJIT, KUMAR RAJ, AWATSUJI YASUHIRO, MATOBA OSAMU. Advances in Optical Metrology: High-Bandwidth Digital Holography for Transparent Objects Analysis. Photonics. 18-06-2025, 12(6), 617
4. PENSIA LAVLESH, KUMAR MANOJ, MATOBA OSAMU, KUMAR RAJ. Enhancing field of view of digital holography using an angular multiplexed holographic optical element. Optics Letters. 09-06-2025, 50(12), 3970-3973
5. KAUR RAJVEER, DAS BHARGAB, PARK JAE-HYEUNG, KUMAR RAJ. Improved color uniformity in monochrome holographic waveguide based near eye displays. Optics Express. 19-05-2025, 33(11), 22255-22269
6. KUMAR MANOJ, PENSIA LAVLESH, KUMAR RAJ, MATOBA OSAMU. Vibration Measurement of 3-D Objects With Single-Shot Double Field-of-View High-Speed Digital Holography. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 26-03-2025, 74, 4507408
7. KUMAR MANOJ, PENSIA LAVLESH, KUMAR RAJ, MATOBA OSAMU. Lensless Fourier transform multiplexed digital holography. Optics Letters. 07-03-2025, 50(6), 1909-1912
8. KAUR RAJVEER, KUMAR RAJ. Prism-free fabrication of multiplexed holographic waveguide couplers for full-color near-eye displays. Journal of Information Display. 31-12-2024, 26(3), 241-255
9. GUPTA ANUJ, WANG FAN, DAS BHARGAB, KUMAR RAJ, BLINDER DAVID, ITO TOMOYOSHI, SHIMOBABA TOMOYOSHI. Performance evaluation of polygon-based holograms in terms of software, hardware and algorithms. Optics Communications . 15-12-2024, 573, 131021
10. KUMAR MANOJ, YONEDA NARU, PENSIA LAVLESH, MUNIRAJ INBARASAN, ANAND VIJAYAKUMAR, KUMAR RAJ, MURATA TAKASHI, AWATSUJI YASUHIRO, MATOBA OSAMU. Light origami multi-beam interference digital holographic microscope for live cell imaging. Optics & Laser Technology. 01-09-2024, 176, 110961
11. KUMAR DEEPAK, KOMAL SHARMA, KUMAR MANOJ, KUMAR RAJ. Controlling the optical wavefronts for multiparametric sensing: Holography cum metamaterial centric perspectives. Optics & Laser Technology. 01-09-2024, 176, 110954
12. VIKAS, KUMAR RAJ, SONI SANJEEV. Measurement of anisotropy factor of nanoparticle embedded tumor phantoms for plasmonic photothermal therapeutics. Journal of Biophotonics. 01-08-2024, 17(8), e202400007
13. KUMAR RAJ, RANI MONIKA. Demonstration of a number of educational experiments on diffraction and interference of light using single-beam setup. Optical Engineering . 01-04-2024, 63(7), 071409
14. GUPTA ANUJ, DAS BHARGAB, KUMAR RAJ. Performance evaluation of Python and MATLAB for CGH generation using layer-based approach. Journal of Optics. 11-03-2024, 53, 4762–4771
15. KAUR RAJVEER, PARK JAE-HYEUNG, KUMAR RAJ. Effect of shrinkage in photopolymer film on the information transmitted through the holographic waveguide for near eye displays. Journal of the Optical Society of America A . 01-03-2024, 41(3), A15-A24
16. HEENA, KOMAL SHARMA, KAMLESH KUMAR, DAS BHARGAB, KUMAR RAJ. Uniform holographic films of acrylamide/polyvinyl alcohol photopolymer using an automatic film applicator based on doctor blade technique. Progress in Organic Coatings. 01-02-2024, 187, 108108
17. PENSIA LAVLESH, KUMAR MANOJ, KUMAR RAJ. Dual Field-of-View Off-Axis Spatially Multiplexed Digital Holography Using Fresnel’s Bi-Mirror. Sensors. 23-01-2024, 24(3), 731
18. RANI MONIKA, KUMAR RAJ. Wide field 3D optical profilometry using a diffraction Lloyd’s mirror interferometer. Applied Optics. 20-10-2023, 62(30), 8126-8135
19. PENSIA LAVLESH, KUMAR MANOJ, KUMAR RAJ. A compact digital holographic system based on a multifunctional holographic optical element with improved resolution and field of view. Optics and Lasers in Engineering. 01-10-2023, 169, 107744
20. DWIVEDI GAURAV, PENSIA LAVLESH, LOHCHAB VINEY, KUMAR RAJ. Nondestructive Inspection and Quantification of Soldering Defects in PCB Using an Autofocusing Digital Holographic Camera. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 01-07-2023, 72, 7005408
21. CHANDRA SOURAV, SARKAR TUSHAR, KUMAR RAJ, DAS BHARGAB, SINGH RAKESH KUMAR. Hanbury Brown–Twiss approach for imaging through a dynamic scattering medium. Optics Letters. 01-07-2023, 48(13), 3391-3394
22. KAUR RAJVEER, PENSIA LAVLESH, KUMAR RAJ. Bragg degenerate model for fabrication of holographic waveguide-based near-eye displays. Applied Optics. 01-05-2023, 62(13), 3467-3476
23. KUMAR MANOJ, PENSIA LAVLESH, KUMAR RAJ. Highly Stable Vibration Measurements by Common-path off-axis Digital Holography. Optics and Lasers in Engineering. 01-04-2023, 163, 107452
24. MISHRA VINOD, DUBEY NITIN, SINGH M P, KUMAR RAJ, KAR SUBRAT, JHA SUNIL, MAYER LUKE D., KIM DAEWOOK, KHAN GUFRAN S. Computational-sampling-moiré-based on-machine alignment for freeform optics. Optics Letters. 01-04-2023, 48(7), 1934-1937
25. BAGHEL PRABHAT KUMAR, MISHRA VINOD, KUMAR RAJ, KHAN GUFRAN SAYEED. Ultrasonic vibration–assisted magnetorheological hybrid finishing process for glass optics. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 20-01-2023, 125, 2265–2276
26. CHAKRABORTY SONALI, KUMAR RAJ. Automotive tire defect characterization with a portable digital holographic camera with an extended field of view. Applied Optics. 17-01-2023, 62(10), D48-D57
27. KUMAR MANOJ, PENSIA LAVLESH, KUMAR RAJ. Single-shot off-axis digital holographic system with extended field-of-view by using multiplexing method. Scientific Reports. 30-09-2022, 12(1), 16462
28. RANI MONIKA, MISHRA VINOD, SINGH OMENDRA, SHANKAR AJAY, KUMAR RAJ. Characterisation of needle edge quality using diffraction pattern. Measurement (IMEKO). 01-06-2022, 198, 111377
29. BAGHEL PRABHAT KUMAR, GAVEL KHUSHWANT SINGH, KHAN GUFRAN S, KUMAR RAJ. Line contact ring magnetorheological finishing process for precision polishing of optics. Applied Optics. 01-04-2022, 61(10), 2582-2590
30. DWIVEDI GAURAV, PENSIA LAVLESH, SINGH OMENDRA, KUMAR RAJ. On-machine tool wear estimation using a portable digital holographic camera. Applied Physics B-Lasers and Optics. 24-03-2022, 128, 77
31. DWIVEDI GAURAV, PENSIA LAVLESH, DEBNATH SANJIT KUMAR, KUMAR RAJ. Digital holographic camera with extended stochastic illumination for non-destructive inspection of silicon optics. Journal of Optics. 16-02-2022, 24(4), 044001
32. PENSIA LAVLESH, DWIVEDI GAURAV, SINGH OMENDRA, KUMAR RAJ. Noise free defect detection in ceramic tableware using a portable digital holographic camera. Applied Optics. 10-02-2022, 61(5), B181-B189
33. KUMAR RAJ, VARSHNEY TUSHAR, YADAV TARUN, DWIVEDI GAURAV, BARVE S K, SINGH OMENDRA. A full-field optical crazimeter. Journal of Optics. 25-10-2021, 23, 125602
34. VIKAS, KUMAR RAJ, SONI SANJEEV. Investigation of the Plasmonic Interaction of Gold Nanoparticles Toward Plasmonic Photothermal Therapeutics. Plasmonics. 12-07-2021, 17, 107–118
35. PENSIA LAVLESH, DWIVEDI GAURAV, KUMAR RAJ. Non-destructive inspection and quantifcation of defects in plywood using a portable digital holographic camera. Wood Science and Technology. 12-03-2021, 55, 873–885
36. DWIVEDI GAURAV, PENSIA LAVLESH, DEBNATH SANJIT KUMAR, KUMAR RAJ. Performance evaluation of a digital holographic camera under variable source power and exposure time. Applied Optics. 01-02-2021, 60(4), 120-130
37. KUMAR RAJ, DWIVEDI GAURAV, SINGH OMENDRA. Portable digital holographic camera featuring enhanced field of view and reduced exposure time. Optics and Lasers in Engineering. 01-02-2021, 137, 106359
38. BAGHEL PRABHAT KUMAR, KUMAR RAJ. Estimation of magnetorheological fluid constituent’s concentration for efficient finishing process. Materials and Manufacturing Processes . 01-01-2021, 36(5), 626–635
39. YADAV SANDEEP, KUMARI SONIA, GHOSHAL S. K., KUMAR RAJ, CHAUDHARY S. K., MOHAN DEVENDRA. Effect of ultraviolet radiation exposure on optical nonlinearity and switching traits of SnO2 thin films deposited by thermal evaporation. Optics & Laser Technology. 01-01-2021, 133, 106575
40. DUBEY RAJIV, KUMAR RAJ. Comparison of sensitivity to beam collimation of the holographic shearing interferometer with the wedge plate shearing interferometer and the Talbot shearing interferometer. Journal of the Optical Society of America A . 01-09-2020, 37(9), 36-45
41. DWIVEDI GAURAV, SHARMA ANUJ, SINGH OMENDRA, BAGHEL PRABHAT KUMAR, KUMAR RAJ. Delamination testing of polyurethane pads adhered on polishing tool using digital holographic non-destructive testing method. Optical Engineering . 27-03-2020, 59(10), 102417
42. DUBEY RAJIV, KUMAR RAJ. Collimation testing of laser beams having different diameters using compact holographic lateral shearing interferometer. Optical Engineering . 12-12-2019, 59(10), 102404
43. DWIVEDI GAURAV, DEBNATH SANJIT KUMAR, DAS BHARGAB, KUMAR RAJ. Revisit to comparison of numerical reconstruction of digital holograms using angular spectrum method and Fresnel diffraction method. Journal of Optics. 04-12-2019, 49, 118-126
44. DUBEY RAJIV, KUMAR RAJ. A simple setup for measurement of the coherence length of a laser diode using holographic optics. European Journal of Physics. 23-08-2019, 40(5),
45. KUMAR RAJ, DUBEY RAJIV, DEBNATH SANJIT KUMAR, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL. High contrast laser beam collimation testing using two proximately placed holographic optical elements. Journal of Optics. 16-04-2018, 20, 055603
46. SARMA SUBHRA S, KANT PIYUSH, KUMAR RAJ. Multi-functional system for persons with disabilities using electroencephalography signals of eye blink. Current Science. 10-01-2018, 114(1), 193-195
47. KUMAR RAJ. Step-by-step Evolution of Young’s Double-slit Interference Fringes Using Boundary Diffraction Wave Theory. Open Physics Journal . 28-10-2016, 3, 122-128
48. SARMA SUBHRA S, VERMA SONIA, KUMAR RAJ. Holographic diffuser for multichannel restricted displays. Indian Journal of pure & applied physics. 01-08-2016, 54, 495-499
49. VERMA SONIA, SARMA SUBHRA S, DHAR RAKESH, KUMAR RAJ. Scratch enhancement and measurement in periodic and non-periodic optical elements using digital holography. Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optic. 02-11-2015, 126(21), 3283–3287
50. KUMAR RAJ. Straight, Conic and Circular Fringes in Single Interferogram. European Journal of Physics. 13-02-2015, 36(2), 025019
51. PAL SUDIPTA SARKAR, MONDAL SAMIR K, KUMAR RAJ, AKULA APARNA, GHOSH RIPUL, BHATNAGAR RANDHIR. Optical fiber antenna generating spiral beam shapes. Applied Physics Letters. 23-01-2014, 104, 031105
52. SARMA SUBHRA S, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL, KUMAR RAJ. Design and recording of holographic diffuser for controlled angular distribution of light. ADBU-Journal of Engineering Technology. 01-01-2014, 1(1), 18-20
53. KUMAR RAJ, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL. Formation of circular fringes by interference of two boundary diffraction waves using holography. Journal of the Optical Society of America A . 01-08-2013, 30(8), 1627–1631
54. KUMAR RAJ. Effect of Airy disk on schlieren diffraction interferometer. Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optic. 01-01-2011, 122(2), 105-109
55. KUMAR RAJ. Diffraction Lloyd mirror interferometer. Journal of Optics. 01-06-2010, 39(2), 90-101
56. KUMAR RAJ. Extraordinary optical transmission by interference of diffracted wavelets. Optica Applicata. 01-04-2010, 40(2), 491-499
57. KUMAR RAJ. Structure of boundary diffraction wave revisited. Applied Physics B-Lasers and Optics. 03-03-2008, 90(3-4), 379-382
58. KUMAR RAJ, KUMAR SUSHIL, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL, MOHAN D, AGGARWAL A K. Holographic Optic-based Schlieren Diffraction Interferometer. Current Science. 01-01-2008, 94(2), 184-188
59. KUMAR RAJ. Interference and diffraction effects in folding mirror schlieren diffraction interferometer. Applied Physics B-Lasers and Optics. 01-01-2008, 93, 415-420
60. KUMAR RAJ, KUMAR SUSHIL, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL, MOHAN D, AGGARWAL A K. Comparative Study of Different Schlieren Diffracting Elements. PRAMANA–Journal of Physics. 01-01-2008, 70(1), 121-129
61. KUMAR RAJ, AGGARWAL A K. Interferometric Moire Pattern Encoded Security Holograms with Concealed Phase Object. Optics Communications . 01-11-2007, 279(1), 120-123
62. KUMAR RAJ, KUMAR SUSHIL, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL, AGGARWAL A K. Direct Visualization of Young’s Boundary Diffraction Wave.. Optics Communications . 01-08-2007, 276(1), 54-57
63. KUMAR RAJ, AGGARWAL A K. Schlieren Interferometric Concealed Coded Security Holograms. Indian Journal of pure & applied physics. 01-05-2007, 45(5), 429-433
64. KUMAR RAJ, MOHAN D, KUMAR SUSHIL, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL, AGGARWAL A K. Phase knife-edge Laser Schlieren Diffraction Interferometry with Boundry Diffraction Wave Theory. PRAMANA–Journal of Physics. 01-04-2007, 68(4), 581-589
65. KUMAR RAJ, KUMAR SUSHIL, SHARMA A K, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL, AGGARWAL A K. Knife-edge Diffraction Pattern as an Interference Phenomenon : An Experimental Reality. Optics & Laser Technology. 01-03-2007, 39(2), 256-261
66. KUMAR RAJ, MOHAN D, AGGARWAL A K. Interferometric Key Readable Security Hologram with secret code . PRAMANA–Journal of Physics. 01-03-2007, 68(3), 443-450
67. KUMAR RAJ, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL, AGGARWAL A K. Folding mirror schlieren diffraction interferometer. Applied Optics. 10-09-2006, 45, 6708-6711
68. KUMAR RAJ, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL, AGGARWAL A K. Retrieval of infinite-fringe mode information from beam folding interferometer for direct phase visualization. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. 13-07-2006, 8(9), 747-751
69. SHARMA A K, KUMAR SUSHIL, KUMAR RAJ, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL, AGGARWAL A K. A simple compact and cost-effective optical interferometer using a grating and holographic optics. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research. 01-12-2004, 63 (12), 992-996
70. AGGARWAL A K, KUMAR SUSHIL, SHARMA A K, KUMAR RAJ, CHHACHHIA DHARAM PAL. Interferometry based security hologram readable with an encoded key hologram. Indian Journal of pure & applied physics. 01-11-2004, 42(11), 816-819

Patents

Patent(s) Filed
1. A SYSTEM FOR SINGLE PANEL-COLOUR NEAR EYE DISPLAY
Country Filed: INDIA
Application Number: 202411068617   Date of Filing: 10-09-2024
Inventor(s):  KUMAR RAJ, KAUR RAJVEER, DAS BHARGAB
2. DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MEASUREMENT OF DYNAMIC CHANGES INOPTICAL PROPERTIES UNDER IN- VITRO AND IN-VIVO CONDITIONS OF PHOTOTHERMAL THERANOSTICS
Country Filed: INDIA
Application Number: 202211046195   Date of Filing: 12-08-2022
Inventor(s):  VIKAS, SONI SANJEEV, KUMAR RAJ
3. METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RECORDING DIGITAL HOLOGRAMS OF LARGER OBJECTS IN NON-LABORATORY ENVIRONMENT
Country Filed: US
Application Number: 16/912604   Date of Filing: 25-06-2020
Inventor(s):  KUMAR RAJ, DWIVEDI GAURAV, SINGH OMENDRA
4. METHOD FOR RECORDING WIDE OFF-AXIAL ANGLE DIGITAL HOLOGRAMS WITH ENHANCED FIELD OF VIEW
Country Filed: India
Application Number: 202011022303   Date of Filing: 27-05-2020
Inventor(s):  KUMAR RAJ, LOVELESH
5. METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RECORDING DIGITAL HOLOGRAMS OF LARGER OBJECTS IN NON-LABORATORY ENVIRONMENT
Country Filed: India
Application Number: 201911023585    Date of Filing: 14-06-2019
Inventor(s):  KUMAR RAJ, DWIVEDI GAURAV, SINGH OMENDRA
6. METHOD FOR FULL FIELD MEASUREMENT OF CRAZE DENSITY IN TRANSPARENT COMPONENTS
Country Filed: IN
Application Number: 201811043966   Date of Filing: 22-11-2018
Inventor(s):  KUMAR RAJ, BAGHEL PRABHAT KUMAR
7. METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF OPTICAL BEAMS
Country Filed: IN
Application Number: 2017110410860   Date of Filing: 22-11-2017
Inventor(s):  KUMAR RAJ, DUBEY RAJIV
8. METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF OPTICAL BEAMS
Country Filed: IN
Application Number: 201711041860   Date of Filing: 21-11-2017
Inventor(s):  KUMAR RAJ, DUBEY RAJIV


Patent(s) Granted
1. METHOD FOR FULL FIELD MEASUREMENT OF CRAZE DENSITY IN TRANSPARENT COMPONENTS
 Country Granted: IN
Patent Number: 525540   Date of Grant: 14-03-2024
Inventor(s):  KUMAR RAJ, BAGHEL PRABHAT KUMAR
2. METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RECORDING DIGITAL HOLOGRAMS OF LARGER OBJECTS IN NON-LABORATORY ENVIRONMENT
 Country Granted: India
Patent Number: 522752   Date of Grant: 11-03-2024
Inventor(s):  KUMAR RAJ, DWIVEDI GAURAV, SINGH OMENDRA
3. METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR RECORDING DIGITAL HOLOGRAMS OF LARGER OBJECTS IN NON-LABORATORY ENVIRONMENT
 Country Granted: US
Patent Number: 11815856   Date of Grant: 14-11-2023
Inventor(s):  KUMAR RAJ, DWIVEDI GAURAV, SINGH OMENDRA

Significant recognition: Awards, Honours and Fellowships

1. "IETE - Lal C Verman Award - 2021" by The Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (IETE) for development of an Innovative Portable Digital Holographic Camera
2.Research paper, "Performance evaluation of digital holographic camera under variable source power and exposure time", Applied Optics 60 (2021) A120-A130, was included in Spotlight on Optics by The Optical Society (OSA).
3. "Special Recognition Award 2019", for outstanding contribution in Indigenous development of Laser Lithotripsy System by Allengers Global Healthcare (P) Ltd.
4. Raman Research Fellow, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Tokyo, Japan from 24 November 2018 to 23 March 2019
5. 1st Prize in Paper Presentation at One Day National Seminar "Fascination of Light and Photonics for Life" at Govt. College for Girls, Sector-11, Chandigarh
6. Letter of Appreciation from Director, CSIR-CSIO Chandigarh for Organising Hands-on Course on Optical Instruments Technology during 2-11 February 2015 at CSIR-CSIO, Chandigarh.
7.Fellow of Optical Society of India.
8. Session Chair, International Conference on Light and Light based Technologies (ICLLT-2016), Tezpur University, Assam, India
9. Research paper “Straight, conic and circular fringes in single interferogram”, European Journal of Physics36 (2015) 025019 was selected for inclusion in the International Year of Light (IYL 2015) special collection and in exclusive ‘Highlights of 2015’ collection of the Journal for its quality and contribution to the community.

Other Information

Technology (Developed/Transfered/Commercialised) / Software Applications, Algorithms designed/developed/deployed and implemented

Know-how Transfer

1.Developed the technology of "Diffraction Lloyd Mirror Interferometer" and the technology was transferred to M/s Maffick Instruments, Ambala for its commercialization.

2.The know-how of the developed technology of “Laser Lithotripsy System” provided to M/s Allengers Global Healthcare (p) Ltd for its commercialization

Contact



Email:

raj[dot]optics[dot]csio[at]csir[dot]res[dot]in

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